Ceramic material and configuration:

In addition to the fact that the ceramic product manual, diverse in its basic components, it takes on the effects of various other indications, the term ceramic becomes more often when a holistic reflects the historical stage, we say, for example ceramic or earthenware Mesopotamia (Teerasigelata) Roman is intended that the reference to art objects Made of ceramic with properties in common: geographic, cultural, and technical These industry professionals have begun to take the framework of geographical and cultural heritage in the second half of the Neolithic period about / 6000 BC. M / in the Near East, such as: Hassouna in northern Iraq and Ugarit (Ras Shamra) in northern Syria.

With the rising need for ceramic pots with multiple functions began to emerge porcelain and its spread and have evolved ways technology to be manufactured according to the changed social conditions of people in the national stability of new villages and settlements and cities, as well as with the beginning of historical times about / 3000 BC. M / and since that period entered the ceramics to meet the needs human multiple, whether domestic or Mdvinyp or ritualistic.

In everyday life you use clay pots for various purposes such as storage of grain, food and fluid, and in other cases, to bury the dead or to contain the ashes of cremated according to the rituals of a particular religious or even to provide the deceased requirements to live after death and to ensure continuity in the life metaphysical according to beliefs of some ancient peoples. For this a material porcelain art historians and archaeologists background material to study the evolution of civilizations through the ages, and become aware of ceramics today the basic sciences within the scope of Archaeology, So what are the specifics of this science in terms of study and classification of ceramic and materials and the diversity of forms and decoration? What are the basic materials that make up the porcelain?.

As already mentioned in the introduction to this study, it can not talk about the porcelain without the knowledge of soils and their properties, which are the basic material for most types of ceramics, the soil mixed with water form mud flexible and sticky disposable formation and contraction, and cohesion after drought and stainless rigidity and ossification after firing, and the soil is a mixture of silica and Almaniiziom Clay called in Arabic, called Argela (Argilla) in Latin.

The process of preparation of clay or dough clay-based ceramics because the choice of materials and methods of preparation determine the pattern pieces made from them for this, the land passed through several stages before it is set Vtcefy first to be cleaned of impurities and so crushed and Tngelha and Tsoelha, and move beyond the basin settling, may remain mud fluid in the pelvis for a long time depending on the need for basic manufacturing, and after drying mud taken from the tub and add the fine sand and then knead with hands or feet in order to rid of air bubbles, and becomes more homogenous and fit for work.